Enqubweni yokukhiqiza, izinkampani ezisunguliwe zizohlangabezana nakanjani nokukhubazeka okufana nokuncipha, amabhamuza, nokuhlukaniswa, okuholela ekuvuneni okuphansi. Ukuncibilika kabusha nokukhiqiza nakho kuzobhekana nenani elikhulu labasebenzi kanye nokusetshenziswa kukagesi. Indlela yokunciphisa ukukhubazeka kokuphonsa kuyinkinga ochwepheshe be-Foundry abahlale bekhathazekile ngayo.
Mayelana nodaba lokunciphisa izici zokuphonsa, uJohn Campbell, uprofesa waseNyuvesi yaseBirmingham e-UK, unokuqonda okuyingqayizivele kokunciphisa izici zokuphonsa. Kusukela ngo-2001, u-Li Dianzhong, umcwaningi e-Institute of Metal Research, i-Chinese Academy of Sciences, wenza ukulingisa kwenhlangano yokucubungula okushisayo kanye nomklamo wenqubo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukaProfesa John Campbell. Namuhla, i-Intercontinental Media ihlanganise uhlu lwezimiso eziyishumi eziphezulu zokunciphisa izici zokulingisa eziphakanyiswe umpetha wokulingisa wamazwe ngamazwe uJohn Campbell.
1.Ukulingisa okuhle kuqala ngokuncibilika kwekhwalithi ephezulu
Uma usuqalile ukuthela ama-castings, kufanele uqale ulungiselele, uhlole futhi uphathe inqubo yokuncibilikisa. Uma kudingeka, izinga eliphansi elamukelekayo lingamukelwa. Kodwa-ke, inketho engcono ukulungisa nokusebenzisa uhlelo lokuncibilikisa olusondele ku-zero.
2.Gwema ukufakwa okunesiyaluyalu endaweni ewuketshezi yamahhala
Lokhu kudinga ukugwema isivinini sokugeleza ngokweqile endaweni ewuketshezi yamahhala (i-meniscus). Ezinsimbi eziningi, isivinini sokugeleza esiphezulu silawulwa ku-0.5m/s. Kumasistimu okulingisa avaliwe noma izingxenye ezinezindonga ezincane, isivinini sokugeleza esiphezulu sizokwenyuswa ngokufanelekile. Le mfuneko iphinde isho ukuthi ukuphakama okuwayo kwensimbi encibilikisiwe akukwazi ukudlula inani elibalulekile lobude "bokwehla okumile".
3.Gwema ukufakwa kwe-laminar kwamagobolondo e-condensate angaphezulu ensimbi encibilikisiwe
Lokhu kudinga ukuthi phakathi nayo yonke inqubo yokugcwalisa, akukho siphetho sangaphambili sokugeleza kwensimbi encibilikisiwe okufanele siyeke ukugeleza ngaphambi kwesikhathi. I-meniscus yensimbi encibilikisiwe esigabeni sokuqala sokugcwalisa kufanele ihlale inyakaza futhi ingathinteki ukujiya kwamagobolondo e-condensate angaphezulu, azoba yingxenye yokubunjwa. Ukuze kuzuzwe lo mphumela, ingxenye engaphambili yensimbi encibilikisiwe ingaklanywa ukuba yande ngokuqhubekayo. Eqinisweni, ukuthululela phansi kuphela "ukukhuphuka" kungafinyelela inqubo eqhubekayo yokukhuphuka. (Isibonelo, ekubumbeni amandla adonsela phansi, iqala ukugeleza iye phezulu isuka phansi komgijimi oqondile). Lokhu kusho:
Isistimu yokuthela phansi;
Akukho "wehla umqansi" ukuwa noma ukushelela kwensimbi;
Akukho ukugeleza okukhulu okuvundlile;
Akukho ukuma kwesiphetho sensimbi ngenxa yokuthululwa noma ukugeleza kwe-cascading.
4. Gwema ukungena komoya (ukukhiqizwa kwebhamuza)
Gwema ukuvaleka komoya ohlelweni lokuthulula ekubangeleni amabhamuza ukungena emgodini. Lokhu kungazuzwa ngokuthi:
Ukuklama ngokunengqondo inkomishi yokuthulula enezinyathelo;
Ukudizayina ngokunengqondo i-sprue ukuze igcwaliswe ngokushesha;
Ngokunengqondo ukusebenzisa "idamu";
Gwema ukusebenzisa "umthombo" noma olunye uhlelo lokuthulula oluvulekile;
Ukusebenzisa umgijimi omncane we-cross-section noma ukusebenzisa isihlungi se-ceramic eduze noxhumano phakathi kwe-sprue kanye nomgijimi wesiphambano;
Ukusebenzisa idivayisi yokukhipha umoya;
Inqubo yokuthela ayiphazamiseki.
5.Gwema izimbotshana eziwumgogodla wesihlabathi
Gwema amabhamuza omoya akhiqizwe umgogodla wesihlabathi noma isikhunta sesihlabathi ekungeneni kwensimbi encibilikisiwe emgodini. Umgogodla wesihlabathi kufanele ube nomoya omncane kakhulu, noma usebenzise i-exhaust efanele ukuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwezimbotshana eziwumgogodla wesihlabathi. Izinhlamvu zesihlabathi esenziwe ngobumba noma iglue yokulungisa isikhunta azikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle uma zome ngokuphelele.
6.Gwema ukushwabana kwemigodi
Ngenxa ye-convection kanye ne-gradient ye-pressure engazinzile, akunakwenzeka ukuthola ukuncishiswa okukhuphukayo kokusakazwa kwezigaba eziyisihluthulelo nezinkulu. Ngakho-ke, yonke imithetho yokudla okunciphayo kufanele ilandelwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwakheka okuhle kokuphakelayo kokuncipha, futhi ubuchwepheshe bokulingiswa kwekhompiyutha kufanele busetshenziselwe ukuqinisekiswa kanye namasampula wangempela wokuphonsa. Lawula izinga le-flash ekuxhumaneni phakathi kwesikhunta sesihlabathi kanye nomgogodla wesihlabathi; lawula ubukhulu be-casting coating (uma ikhona); lawula i-alloy kanye nezinga lokushisa lokusakaza.
7.Gwema i-convection
Izingozi ze-convection zihlobene nesikhathi sokuqina. Ukulingisa okunezindonga ezincane neziwugqinsi akuthintwa ubungozi bokuhamba. Ngokusakazwa kokuqina okumaphakathi: nciphisa izingozi zokugudluza ngokusebenzisa isakhiwo sokusakaza noma inqubo;
Gwema ukudla okuncishiselwa phezulu;
Ukuphenduka ngemva kokuthela.
8.Yehlisa ukuhlukaniswa
Vimbela ukuhlukaniswa futhi ukulawule ngaphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile, noma indawo yomkhawulo wokwakheka evunyelwe ikhasimende. Uma kungenzeka, zama ukugwema ukuhlukaniswa kwesiteshi.
9.Yehlisa ingcindezi esele
Ngemuva kokwelashwa kwesisombululo sama-alloys alula, ungacimi ngamanzi (amanzi abandayo noma ashisayo). Uma ukucindezeleka kokusakazwa kungabonakali kukhulu, sebenzisa i-polymer quenching medium noma ukucisha umoya ngempoqo.
10.Amaphuzu okubhekisela anikezwe wona
Konke ukulingisa kufanele kunikezwe izindawo zokubhekisela kuzo ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kucutshungulwe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-30-2024
