Ukuze uvimbele ukubunjwa kusuka ekuguqulweni, ukuqhekeka nokunye ukukhubazeka ngenxa yokupholisa ngokushesha ngemva kokuthululwa, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukubunjwa kunamandla okwanele nokuqina ngesikhathi sokuhlanza isihlabathi, ukubunjwa kufanele kube nesikhathi esanele sokupholisa esibunjeni. Ukulingisa okukhiqizwa ngokuqhubekayo kufanele kuklanywe ngobude obanele besigaba sokupholisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe isikhathi sokupholisa sama-castings.
Isikhathi sokupholisa esisesikhunjini sokubunjwa sihlobene nezici eziningi ezifana nesisindo, ukujiya kodonga, ubunkimbinkimbi, uhlobo lwengxubevange, izakhiwo zesikhunta, izimo zokukhiqiza nezinye izici zokulingisa.
一、 Isikhathi sokupholisa sezingxenye zensimbi esikhunjeni sesihlabathi
Isikhathi sokupholisa sezingxenye zensimbi ekhonjiwe esikhunjeni sesihlabathi sinqunywa ngokusekelwe kumazinga okushisa lapho uqaqa. Ungabhekisela kudatha elandelayo: 300-500°C ngokusakazwa okuvamile; I-200-300 ° C ye-castings ejwayele ukuqhekeka okubandayo kanye nokuguqulwa; 200-300°C wokulingisa othambekele ekuqhekekeni okushisayo Izinga lokushisa lokusakaza lingu-800-900℃. Ngokushesha ngemva kokukhipha impahla, susa isikhuphukeli esithelayo bese uhlanza umgogodla wesihlabathi, bese uwubeka emgodini wesihlabathi oshisayo noma ufake esithandweni ukuze uphole kancane.
1, Isikhathi sokupholisa sezingxenye zensimbi esikhunjeni sesihlabathi ngokuvamile singakhethwa ngokubhekisela kuThebula 11-2-1 kanye neThebula 11-2-3.
Ithebula 11-2-1 Isikhathi sokupholisa sama-castings aphakathi nendawo amancane esikhunjini sesihlabathi
| Isisindo / kg | <5 | 5~10 | 10-30 | 30-50 | 50~100 | 100 ~ 250 | 250-500 | 500 ~ 1000 |
| Ubukhulu bodonga lokusakaza/mm | <8 | <12 | <18 | <25 | <30 | <40 | <50 | <60 |
| Isikhathi sokupholisa/umzuzu | 20~30 | 25-40 | 30-60 | 50~100 | 80~160 | 120-300 | 240-600 | 480~720 |
Qaphela: Ngokusakazwa ngezindonga ezincane, isisindo esincane kanye nesakhiwo esilula, isikhathi sokupholisa kufanele sithathwe njengenani elincane, ngaphandle kwalokho, isikhathi sokupholisa kufanele sithathwe njengenani elikhulu.
Ithebula 11-2-2 Isikhathi sokupholisa sama-castings amakhulu esikhunjeni sesihlabathi
| Isisindo sokusakaza/t | 1~5 | 5~10 | 10~15 | 15-20 | 20~30 | 30-50 | 50~70 | 70~100 |
| Isikhathi sokupholisa/h | 10-36 | 36-54 | 54 ~ 72 | 72-90 | 90~126 | 126-198 | 198-270 | 270~378 |
Qaphela: Lapho kwenziwa imodeli yomgodi, isikhathi sokupholisa sokusakaza sidinga ukukhushulwa cishe ngo-30%.
Ithebula 11-2-3 Isikhathi sokupholisa esikhunjeni sesihlabathi sokubunjwa okuphakathi nendawo nokuncane ngesikhathi sokuthululwa kokukhiqiza
| isisindo/kg | <5 | 5~10 | 10-30 | 30-50 | 50~100 | 100 ~ 250 | 250-500 |
| Isikhathi sokupholisa/umzuzu | 8~12 | 10~15 | 12-30 | 20~50 | 30-70 | 40-90 | 50~120 |
Qaphela: 1. Isisindo sokusakaza sisho isisindo esiphelele ebhokisini ngalinye
I-2, Ama-Castings apholiswa ngempoqo ngokungenisa umoya emugqeni wokukhiqiza, futhi isikhathi sokupholisa sifushane.
Isikhathi sokupholisa esisesikhunjini sokubunjwa kwensimbi okukhulu singabalwa ngokuya ngale fomula yokuhlola elandelayo.
t=vG (2-1)
kufomula t——Isikhathi sokupholisa sokusakaza (h)
v——Izinga lokupholisa lokusakaza, thatha 4~8h/t
g——Isisindo sokudubula (t)
k isilinganiso sesisindo sokusakaza kuvolumu yayo yekhonta. Uma likhulu inani lika-k, kuba mkhulu ukujiya kodonga kanye nesikhathi sokupholisa sibe side. Ifomula yokubala ka-k ithi
k=G/V (2-2)
kufomula ethi k——Isisindo sokubunjwa kanye nesilinganiso sevolumu yekhonta (t/m³);
G——Isisindo sokulingisa (t)
V——Ivolumu yekhonta yangaphandle kancane kancane (m³)
二、 Isikhathi sokupholisa sokubunjwa kwensimbi esikhunjeni sesihlabathi
Ukubunjwa kwensimbi yokuhlanza isihlabathi nge-hydraulic, ukudubula kwesihlabathi esiqhumayo kanye nokuhlanza isihlabathi kwamathuluzi womoya kufanele kupholiswe ku-250-450°C esibunjeni sesihlabathi ukuze kunyakaziswe. Isihlabathi esiwa ngaphezu kuka-450°C singabangela ukuwohloka nokuqhekeka kokubunjwa. Isikhathi sokupholisa esikhunjeni sesihlabathi singabonakala kuMfanekiso 11-2-1 kanye noMfanekiso 11-2-3.
Uma usebenzisa lezi zithombe ezintathu ezingenhla, kufanele unake amaphuzu alandelayo:
(1) Lapho isisindo se-carbon steel casting sidlula i-110t, ngesisekelo sokuthola inani lesikhathi sokupholisa elihambisana no-110t ngokoMfanekiso 11-2-2, ku-1t ngayinye yesisindo eyengeziwe, ukwandisa isikhathi sokupholisa ngo-1-3h.
(2) Lapho isisindo se-ZG310-570 kanye ne-alloy steel castings sidlula i-8.5t, isikhathi sokupholisa singaphinda siphindwe kabili uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi sokupholisa se-carbon steel castings etholwe ngokoMfanekiso 11-2-1 kanye noMfanekiso 11-2-2 .
(3) Ukubunjwa okunezindonga eziwugqinsi (njengama-anvil, njll.) okunobumo obulula nokuqina kodonga olufanayo kungaxegiswa (noma kuxegiswe) 20-30% ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokupholisa esishiwo esithombeni. Ama-castings anjalo angapholiswa ngokwemvelo emgodini wokuthulula ngaphandle kokwelashwa kokushisa esithandweni, futhi isikhathi sokugcina ukushisa sibalwa njenge-1.5-2t njalo ngamahora angu-24.
(4) Ngokulingisa ngezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi, umehluko omkhulu wokujiya kodonga, nokujwayele ukuqhekeka, isikhathi sokupholisa kufanele sibe sinde cishe ngo-30% kunevelu eshiwo esithombeni.
(5) Kwezinye izinto ezibunjiwe ezimise okwegodi, ibhokisi lesembozo lidinga ukwenyuswa kusenesikhathi noma isikhunta sesihlabathi kufanele sikhishwe. Lokhu kuzokwandisa izinga lokupholisa, ngakho-ke isikhathi sokupholisa singafinyezwa ngo-10%.
三, Izinga lokushisa lesikhunta le-non-ferrous alloy castings
Izinga lokushisa lokubumba lama-non-ferrous alloy castings lingatholakala ngokusho kweThebula 11-2-4.
Ithebula 11-2-4 Ithempelesha ye-Extrusion ye-non-ferrous alloy castings
| Ukusakaza izici zesakhiwo | Izakhiwo zokusakaza | Ingxubevange yokusakaza inhlalakahle yomphakathi | Imvelo yendawo yokusakaza | Ithempelesha yokuphuma yokusakaza/℃ | |
| Izinto ezincane neziphakathi | Izinto ezinkulu | ||||
| Umumo olula nokuqina kwezindonga ezifanayo | I-coreless, ingqikithi emanzi, uhlobo olumanzi | Ukuthambekela kokuqhekeka okushisayo kuncane, njenge-AI-Si alloy | Izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu futhi akukho okusalungiswa | 300-500 | 250-300 |
| Umongo owomile, uhlobo olomile | 250-300 | 200 ~ 250 | |||
| Umumo olula nokuqina kwezindonga ezifanayo | I-coreless, ingqikithi emanzi, uhlobo olumanzi | Ukuthambekela kokuqhekeka okushisayo kuphezulu, njengama-alloys ochungechunge lwe-AI-Cu | Izinga lokushisa liphansi futhi kukhona okusalungiswa | 250-300 | 200 ~ 250 |
| Umongo owomile, uhlobo olomile | 200 ~ 250 | 150-200 | |||
| Umumo oyinkimbinkimbi nokuqina kodonga olungalingani | I-coreless, ingqikithi emanzi, uhlobo olumanzi | Ukuthambekela kokuqhekeka okushisayo kuncane, njenge-AI-Si alloy | Izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu futhi akukho okusalungiswa | 200 ~ 250 | 150-250 |
| Umongo owomile, uhlobo olomile | 150-250 | 100 ~ 200 | |||
| I-coreless, ingqikithi emanzi, uhlobo olumanzi | Ukuthambekela kokuqhekeka okushisayo kuphezulu, njengama-alloys ochungechunge lwe-AI-Cu | Izinga lokushisa liphansi futhi kukhona okusalungiswa | 150-200 | 100 ~ 200 | |
| Umongo owomile, uhlobo olomile | 100 ~ 150 | <100 | |||
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-26-2024
