一、 Imininingwane emihlanu ebalulekile enganakwa kalula ekulahleni kwegwebu elilahlekile
1. Ukuphakama kwekhanda lokucindezela;
1) Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ingxenye ephakeme kakhulu nekude kakhulu yokulingisa, futhi uthole ukulingwa okunamakhontolo acacile nesakhiwo esiphelele, ukuphakama ukusuka endaweni ephakeme kakhulu yokuphonswa kuya endaweni ewuketshezi yenkomishi yokuthulula kufanele kuhlangane: hM≥Ltanα
Kuphi: hM--ubude obuncane bekhanda lokucindezela okuyinsalela (mm)
L--ukugeleza kwensimbi encibilikisiwe, ibanga elivundlile lomugqa omaphakathi womgijimi oqondile endaweni ekude kakhulu yokulingisa (mm)
α--ukuthulula ingcindezi (°)
Ukuphakama kwekhanda lokucindezela okwanele, lapho insimbi encibilikisiwe emgodini ikhuphuka, kunengcindezi eyanele yokuqinisekisa isivinini sokugcwalisa insimbi encibilikisiwe.
I-2) Iphethini ye-foam i-vaporized ngesikhathi sokuthulula, ikhiqiza inani elikhulu legesi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, igesi imuncwa ukucindezela okungalungile, futhi okwesibili, ikhishwa emgodini ngensimbi encibilikisiwe ekhuphukayo ngokucindezela okwanele.
I-3) Ukukhubazeka okufana nokuvala okubandayo, ama-pores, kanye ne-carbon deposition ekhiqizwa engxenyeni engenhla ye-casting ngokuvamile ibangelwa ukuphakama okunganele kwekhanda lokucindezela ngaphansi kwemibandela yendawo yokuthulula efanele, izinga lokushisa lokuthulula kanye nendlela yokuthulula.
2. Ingcindezi engemihle;
1) Amageji okucindezela okunegethivu avamile afakwe epayipini elikhulu, elinganquma kuphela ngokungaqondile ingcindezi engalungile ebhokisini, kodwa alikwazi ukumela inani langempela lokucindezela elingalungile ebhokisini.
2) Ngenxa yomehluko wesakhiwo sokulingisa, okunye ukulingisa kunezikhala eziwumngcingo emgodini ongaphakathi. Phakathi nenqubo yokuthululela, ngenxa yokunciphisa ingcindezi noma ingcindezi engalungile enganele, ingcindezi engalungile kule ngxenye izoba phansi, okuholela ekutheni amandla esikhunta sesihlabathi anganele, ukuguqulwa nokuqhekeka kokusakazwa, kanye nokukhubazeka okufana nesihlabathi esiboshwe ngensimbi, ukunwetshwa kwebhokisi, nokuwa kwebhokisi. Lezi zindawo ziyizindawo eziyimpumputhe yengcindezi engalungile.
3) Ngesikhathi sokuthululwa, ngenxa yokusebenza okungalungile, ifilimu yepulasitiki evala ibhokisi lebhokisi lishiswa endaweni enkulu, futhi inani elikhulu lokunciphisa ingcindezi likhiqizwa ngenxa yokuvaleka okungalungile, okuholela ekuntulekeni okukhulu kokucindezela okubi ebhokisini, futhi ngisho nokuchela emuva ngesikhathi sokuthela, okuholela ekuvaleni okubandayo, ukuthela okunganele kanye nokukhubazeka kwekhabhoni ekubunjweni. Ibhokisi elilodwa linezisefo eziningi, futhi isikhwama esisodwa sinamabhokisi amaningi okuthela, okusobala kakhulu.
Izinyathelo ezithile:
A. Faka ipayipi elicindezelayo lesikhashana; pre-fill resin isihlabathi; buyisela umgogodla wesihlabathi.
B. Ubukhulu bekhava yesihlabathi banele; Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kwenziwa eduze kwendebe yokuthulula, njengendwangu ye-asbestos, isihlabathi se-resin, njll.; ukucindezelwa okungalungile kwebhokisi lesihlabathi elathululelwa ngaphambili kuncishisiwe noma kuvaliwe; iphampu yevacuum yesibili ebekwe eceleni ivuliwe.
3.Vimbela ukungcola;
Phakathi nenqubo yokuthulula, ukungcola okufana ne-slag, izinhlayiya zesihlabathi, impushana yomlotha, njll. ngaphandle kwegodi kucwiliswa emgodini ngokugeleza kwensimbi encibilikisiwe, futhi amaphutha afana nezimbobo zesihlabathi nezimbobo ze-slag zizovela ekubunjweni.
1) Ukuqina, amandla kanye nokuminyana kwento ephikisayo yeledi yensimbi encibilikisiwe akuphakeme. Phakathi nenqubo yokuthululela, i-corrod futhi incibilika ngensimbi encibilikisiwe yokushisa ephezulu, futhi i-slag iyakhiwa futhi intante phezulu; ama-aggregate ayimbudumbudu axegayo ayawa noma agezwa ngensimbi encibilikisiwe.
2) I-slag elenga ku-ladle endala ayihlanzwa; ukuminyana kanye nokwenqatshwa kwezinto zokulungiswa kwe-lining akuphakeme, futhi ukubopha nge-lining yasekuqaleni akunamandla.
I-3) I-slag remover kanye ne-slag aggregation agent ayisebenzi, futhi kukhona ukungcola okuhlakazekile nokuhlukanisiwe ebusweni bensimbi encibilikisiwe.
I-4) Lapho uthela i-duckbill ladle, ukotini we-slag umiswa emoyeni futhi ulahlekelwa umsebenzi wayo we-slag.
5) Ukungalungi kahle ngesikhathi sokuthululwa, insimbi encibilikisiwe ithinta indawo yesihlabathi, futhi isihlabathi sisakazekela enkomishini ethela.
6) Ukungcola okunjengothuli, isihlabathi, nokungcola kukhona ku-inoculant.
Izinyathelo ezithile:
A. Pakisha ngezinto eziphonswayo ezimelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu futhi usebenzise izinto zokulungisa ezikhethekile zokukhanda kwendawo.
B. Sebenzisa ukususwa kwe-slag okusebenzayo kanye ne-slag aggregation agent.
C. Inkomishi yokuthela ingaphezu kuka-50mm ngaphezu kwendawo yesihlabathi, futhi izinkomishi zokuthulula eziseduze ezizothululwa zimbozwe ngesembozo sokuzivikela. Kwabathululi abangenamakhono, indwangu ye-asbestos isetshenziswa eduze kwenkomishi yokuthela ukuyivikela.
D. Fundisa futhi uqeqeshe abaqhubi ngamakhono nokufunda.
E. Beka isihlungi, nika kuqala ukuthela phansi, futhi isistimu yokuthela inomsebenzi wokuvala i-slag.
F. Umjovo uthengwa endaweni ebekiwe futhi ugcinwe kahle.
4. Izinga lokushisa;
Ngokwezici zensimbi encibilikisiwe kanye nezici zesakhiwo sokubunjwa, izinga lokushisa elincane lokuthulula linqunywa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isakhiwo sokubunjwa siphelile, imiphetho namakhona acacile, futhi akukho sici sokuvala okubandayo odongeni oluncane.
Uma isikhwama sensimbi encibilikisiwe sithelwa emabhokisini amaningi nezingcezu eziningi ebhokisini elilodwa, umthelela wokupholisa insimbi encibilikisiwe esigabeni sakamuva kubaluleke kakhulu.
1) Sebenzisa isikhwama se-insulation, ngokuvamile engeza isendlalelo sokuhlukanisa phakathi kwegobolondo lensimbi nongqimba oluphikisayo;
2) Mboza ingaphezulu lesikhwama sensimbi esincibilikisiwe nge-insulation agent, i-slag kanye ne-insulation composite covering agent;
I-3) Umkhawulo ongaphezulu wokushisa okuthululwayo ungakhuliswa ngokufanele ngaphandle kokuthinta impahla, ukuphikiswa kwesendlalelo se-mold coating kuyaneliswa, futhi azikho ezinye iziphambeko zokuphonsa ezikhiqizwayo. Isibonelo, izindlu zezimoto: izinga lokushisa lomlilo liyi-1630-1650 ℃, futhi izinga lokushisa lokuthulula liyi-1470-1580 ℃;
4) Uma inani elincane lensimbi encibilikisiwe lishiywe ekugcineni futhi izinga lokushisa liphansi, kufanele libuyiselwe esithandweni somlilo ukuze lilashwe, noma liqhubeke lithepha futhi lithele;
5) Izingcezu eziningi zithululwa ngochungechunge;
6) Shintsha ekuthinteni okuningi kwezikhwama ezincane;
I-7) Nciphisa isikhathi senqubo yokuthululela, indebe yokuthulula ihlelwa ngokuqhubekayo, futhi isisebenzi esithelayo nesisebenzi se-crane banekhono futhi banokubambisana okungcono kakhulu.
5. Ukuthulula indawo.
Enqubweni yokukhiqiza, kunesisho esithi "30% ukumodela no-70% ukuthulula", okubonisa ukubaluleka kokuthululela ekukhiqizeni ukulingisa.
Amakhono okusebenza omsebenzi wokuthulula abaluleke kakhulu, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba wonke umuntu abe "umdayisi wamafutha". Ukudala indawo enhle yokuthulula ngokuvamile kulula ukwenza.
I-1) Ukuphakama okuqondile komlomo we-ladle kusuka endizeni engenhla yenkomishi yokuthulula kungu-≤300mm, futhi ibanga elivundlile phakathi komlomo we-ladle kanye nomugqa ophakathi wendebe yokuthela ngu-≤300mm;
2) Sebenzisa i-ladle ye-duckbill, futhi umlomo we-ladle akufanele ube mude kakhulu. [Yehlisa isivinini sokuqala sensimbi encibilikisiwe eshiya umlomo we-ladle parabola futhi unciphise ibanga elivundlile;
3) Lapho uklama inqubo nokupakisha, indebe yokuthulula kufanele ibekwe eduze nohlangothi lokuphonsa lwebhokisi lesihlabathi ngangokunokwenzeka, ngemigqa emibili ephezulu;
4) Inkomishi yokuthela yohlobo lwebhokisi noma inkomishi yokugeleza kwefuneli eyengeziwe;
5) Umshini wokuthulula ozenzakalelayo. I-ladle iseduze nebhokisi lesihlabathi, futhi umlomo we-ladle useduze nendebe yokuthela kuzo zombili izikhombisi-ndlela ezivundlile neziqondile, ngakho-ke kulula ukuthola indawo efanele. I-trolley kanye nokulungiswa kokuphakamisa kwe-crane engaphezulu kusetshenziswa phakathi, futhi i-ladle izinzile, futhi akulula ukuphula ukugeleza noma ukwenzeka kwezinto ezinkulu nezincane;
6)Iladi yetiye ayinakuba seduze nebhokisi lesihlabathi; isisebenzi esithelayo sikude futhi akulula ukuthola indawo efanele. Ibhokisi lesihlabathi libekwe emigqeni eminingi. Lapho uthela isikhunta esiphakathi, umlomo we-ladle uphakeme kakhulu enkomishini yokuthulula, futhi ibanga elivundlile likude, okunzima ukulilawula.
二、 I-Ductile iron valve process design and analysis
1. Izici zesakhiwo kanye nezici zokulingisa;
1) Izici: umzimba valve, impahla QT450-10, iyunithi isisindo 50Kg, uhlaka usayizi 320×650×60mm;
2) Izici zesakhiwo: udonga oluwugqinsi oluyi-60mm, udonga oluncane oluyi-10mm, umgodi ongaphakathi uyindlela yokuphefumula eyindilinga;
3)Izidingo ezikhethekile: azikho iziphambeko zokuvuza komoya odongeni oluzungeze indlela yomoya, azikho iziphambeko ezifana nezimbobo zesihlabathi, izimbotshana, ukushwabana, njll. kwezinye izindawo ezicutshunguliwe.
2.Ukuqhathanisa nokuhlaziywa kwezinhlelo ezimbili zokuklama uhlelo lokungena;
Uhlelo 1,
1) Beka mpo, izingcezu ezimbili esikhunjini esisodwa, izingqimba ezimbili zomjovo oseceleni, okuphansi kugcwaliswa kakhulu, kanti ingxenye engaphezulu inxephezelwa ngokuncipha;
I-2) I-airway iwumgogodla wesihlabathi oboshwe, oboshwe ngopende olahlekile we-foam osekelwe emanzini, futhi ubukhulu bokumboza buyi-1mm;
3) Intamo yesikhuphukeli imfushane, isicaba futhi izacile, inobukhulu obuyi-12 × 50 ububanzi. Isikhundla: kude nendawo eshisayo kodwa eduze nendawo eshisayo;
4) Usayizi wokunyuka: 70×80×150mm ukuphakama;
5) Izinga lokushisa lokusakaza: 1470℃ 1510℃.
Uhlelo 2,
I-1) Beka ngokuqondile, izingcezu ezimbili ekubunjweni okukodwa, izingqimba ezimbili zokuphonsa ohlangothini, okuphansi kugcwele ikakhulukazi, futhi ingxenye engaphezulu inxephezelwa ngokuncipha;
I-2) I-airway iwumgogodla wesihlabathi oboshwe, futhi i-foam elahlekile esekelwe emanzini isetshenziswa ngaphandle, ngokuqina kokugqoka kwe-1mm;
3) Intamo yesikhuphukeli iwugqinsi futhi inkulu, inobukhulu: ukujiya okungu-15× ububanzi obungu-50. Isikhundla: ibekwe endaweni engenhla ye-geometric hot node;
4) Usayizi wokunyuka: 80×80×ubude 160;
5) Izinga lokushisa: 1470℃ 1510℃.
3. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa;
I-Scheme 1, izinga le-scrap yangaphakathi nangaphandle 80%;
Kunezimbobo zokushwabana ezingu-10% ezizungeze impande yesikhuphukeli sentamo yezinye izimbobo;
Ngemuva kokuphothula ukulingisa, ama-castings amaningi anezimbobo zokushwabana kanye namaphutha okuncipha engxenyeni engezansi.
I-Scheme 2, izinga le-scrap yangaphakathi nangaphandle 20%;
Amanye ama-castings anezimbobo zokushwabana ezingu-10% ezizungeze impande yesikhuphukeli sentamo;
Ngemuva kokuthi ukukhishwa kucutshungulwe, azikho izimbobo zokunciphisa kanye nokukhubazeka kwe-shrinkage, kodwa kukhona inani elincane le-slag inclusions.
4.Ukuhlaziywa kokulingisa;
Kukhetho loku-1, kunengozi yokuncipha empandeni nengxenye engezansi yentamo yokukhuphuka; imiphumela yokulingisa ihambisana namaphutha wangempela wokulingisa.
Kuhlelo lwesibili, kunengozi yokuncipha empandeni yentamo yokukhuphuka, futhi imiphumela yokulingisa ihambisana nokukhubazeka kwangempela kokubunjwa.
5. Ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo kanye nokuhlaziywa kwenqubo.
1) Ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo:
Kukhona ukuncipha empandeni yesikhuphukeli, okubonisa ukuthi amandla okushisa kwesikhuphukeli mancane. Ngokwesisekelo sohlelo 2, isikhuphukeli kanye nentamo yokukhuphuka zikhuliswa ngokufanelekile.
Usayizi wangempela: ukuphakama 80 × 80 × ukuphakama 160 intamo yokunyuka 15 × 50;
Ngemuva kokuthuthukiswa: ukuphakama kwe-80 × 90 × 170 ukuphakama kwentamo 20 × 60;
Imiphumela yokuqinisekisa: ukuncipha kanye nokukhubazeka kwe-shrinkage kuyaqedwa, futhi amazinga e-scrap yangaphakathi nangaphandle angu-≤5%.
2) Ukuhlaziywa kwenqubo:
Beka izindiza ezimbili ezinkulu ohlangothini, bese uphonsa izingcezu ezimbili ngokulandelana. Indawo yokuqagela eqondile incane kakhulu, futhi indiza enkulu ikwi-facade, evumela ukwehlisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ngokushesha; futhi izindawo eziningi ezibalulekile zokucubungula ziseceleni.
Ukusakaza okuseceleni kwezendlalelo ezimbili, isistimu yokulingisa evulekile. Umgijimi ophambanayo ongenhla utshekele phezulu, futhi indawo ephansi engene ngaphakathi inkulu kunomgijimi oqondile, ukuze insimbi encibilikisiwe ijovwe isuka phansi kuqala, ehambisana nokukhuphuka okushelelayo kwensimbi encibilikisiwe. Igwebu lihwamuka ungqimba ngongqimba, futhi i-ingrate ivalwa ngokushesha. Umoya kanye ne-slag ayikwazi ukungena emgodini, igwema ukukhubazeka kwe-carbon kanye nokufakwa kwe-slag.
Lapho insimbi encibilikisiwe ikhuphuka ifinyelela ukuphakama kwempande yesikhuphukeli esingaphezulu, iningi lensimbi encibilikisiwe enezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lingena kuqala emgodini ngokusebenzisa isikhuphukeli. Isikhuphukeli sishisa ngokweqile futhi sicishe sibe isikhuphukeli esishisayo, hhayi isikhuphukeli esishisayo ngokuphelele, ngoba imbobo idinga ukwenyusa insimbi encane encibilikisiwe ebandayo ngokusebenzisa i-ingrate engezansi, ngakho-ke umthamo wesikhuphukeli mkhulu kunowesikhuphukeli esishisayo. ukuthi iqina ekugcineni.
Umgijimi oxhuma umgijimi ongaphezulu oqondile nesikhuphukeli kufanele ashibilike ngesikhuphukeli intamo. Uma iphakeme, ingxenye engezansi yesikhuphukeli iyinsimbi encibilikisiwe ebandayo, ukusebenza kahle kwesinxephezelo sokuncipha kwesikhuphukeli kuncipha kakhulu, futhi ukuvala okubandayo kanye nokulimala kwekhabhoni kuzovela engxenyeni engenhla yokubunjwa, okuye kwafakazelwa ngokusebenza.
Ngesimiso sokuthulula esivaliwe, insimbi encibilikisiwe ikhuphuka ifinyelele ukuphakama okuthile, futhi insimbi encibilikisiwe ingena emgodini isuka emanzini aphezulu naphansi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, isikhuphukeli siba isikhuphukeli esishisayo, futhi ukuphakama komgijimi wesiphambano oxhuma isikhuphukeli kunomphumela omncane.
Uhlelo lokuthulula oluvulekile alunawo umsebenzi we-slag, futhi isihlungi kufanele sibekwe ezindaweni zokungena kwamanzi ezingaphezulu nangaphansi.
I-airway core izungezwe insimbi encibilikisiwe futhi imvelo inokhahlo. Ngakho-ke, umnyombo kufanele ube namandla aphezulu, ukuphikisana, nokuhlakazeka. Kusetshenziswa umgogodla wesihlabathi oboshwe, futhi indawo engaphezulu imbozwe nge-foam elahlekile. Ubukhulu be-coating buyi-1 kuya ku-1.5 mm.
Ingxoxo ye-PS ngeziphakamisi zokudla okunciphayo,
I-1) Isikhuphukeli sentamo sisendaweni yangempela yenodi eshisayo, ukujiya nendawo angeke kube kuncane kakhulu [imodulus ayikwazi ukuba yincane kakhulu], futhi umgijimi ongaphakathi oxhuma isikhuphukeli uyisicaba, mncane futhi ubude. Isikhuphukeli sikhulu.
2) Intamo yesikhuphukeli ikude nendawo yangempela yenodi eshisayo, kodwa iseduze nendawo eshisayo, isicaba, izacile futhi imfushane. Isikhuphukeli sincane.
Ubukhulu bodonga bokubunjwa bukhulu, ngakho-ke kukhethwa okungu-1); ubukhulu bodonga bokubunjwa buncane, ngakho-ke kukhethwa u-2).
I-Scheme 3 [Ayihloliwe]
1) Umjovo ovela phezulu, insimbi encibilikisiwe ingena emgodini ngokusebenzisa isikhuphukeli, isikhuphukeli sangempela esishisayo;
2) Abagijimi be-sprue kanye nesikhuphukeli baphakeme kunentamo ekhuphukayo;
3) Izinzuzo: kulula ukunxephezela ukuncipha futhi kulula ukugcwalisa isikhunta;
4) Ukungalungi: Ukugcwaliswa kwensimbi encibilikisiwe okungazinzile, ukukhiqiza amaphutha ekhabhoni kulula.
三、 Izinkinga eziyisithupha okufanele ochwepheshe babalingisi bazinake
1) Qonda ngokugcwele izici zesakhiwo, izidingo zobuchwepheshe kanye nezici ezikhethekile zomkhiqizo,
[Ubukhulu obuncane bodonga, indlela yomoya, ukuphepha, umfutho ophezulu, ukuvuza, indawo yokusebenzisa]
2) Phenya ngezinkinga ezivame ukwenzeka enqubweni yokusakazwa nokusetshenziswa kwalo mkhiqizo noma imikhiqizo efanayo,
Eziningi zibonakala zilula, kodwa zifihla izinkinga]
3) Khetha indlela engcono kakhulu yokusakaza,
[Inqubo yegwebu elilahlekile inezingxenye eziningi zokuphepha, ukuvuza, umfutho ophakeme, njll., okungezona isixazululo esingcono kakhulu]
4) Ngemikhiqizo emisha ehlinzekwe ngamaqoqo, kuyadingeka ukumema iqembu lochwepheshe abanolwazi ukuthi libonise, libuyekeze futhi liqondise,
Abantu baqala ukudinga usizo lapho bezalwa]
5) Lapho izinhlobo zesakhiwo sokulingisa ziyinkimbinkimbi, ziyaguquguquka, futhi nenani lincane, ukulingisa ukulingisa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kuyadingeka kakhulu,
[Yehlisa inani lokuhlolwa futhi uqondiswe]
6）Ake ngibuze: Uchwepheshe unemikhiqizo nezinqubo ezifanayo ezinkampanini ezihlukene, kodwa kungani ikhwalithi ihluke kangaka?
四, Amacala Ajwayelekile
1) Ngegobolondo le-automobile ductile iron reducer, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuphonsa ukumboza isikhunta sensimbi ngesihlabathi. Isivuno senqubo singama-85%, futhi isilinganiso esiphelele se-scrap ≤5%. Izinga lizinzile futhi ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuphezulu; inqubo yegwebu elahlekile iwukwehluleka.
[Bekungenzeka ukwenza ukulingisa kokulingisa e-United States. Ngenxa yokunqunywa kwesakhiwo sokulingisa kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe, ngaphezu kwesinxephezelo sokushwabana kwesikhuphukeli kanye nezilinganiso zensimbi ebandayo yasendaweni, isivinini sokupholisa sesisonke sibaluleke kakhulu. ]
2) Kubakaki bensimbi abahlukahlukene bezimoto, inqubo yegwebu elahlekile ayifaneleki. Noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka kokuphonsa ngaphakathi kokulingisa kungabangela ukuphuka ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Uma u-1% wezinkinga zekhabhoni zangaphakathi zenzeka, izimangalo nenhlawulo zizokwenziwa ngemva kwalokho, okuzokwenza ulahlekelwe yiyo yonke imizamo yakho yangaphambilini futhi uphelelwe imali. Inani lezingxenye ezincane likhulu, futhi ukutholwa kwamaphutha okungu-100% akukwazi ukwenziwa.
Kubakaki we-shaft yemoto, impahla yi-QT800-5, futhi inqubo yegwebu elahlekile ayifaneleki. Ngisho noma ukusakaza kungenasici, i-graphite i-coarse ngenxa yejubane lokupholisa kancane lokuphonsa, futhi ukwelashwa kokushisa okulandelayo akunamandla.
3) Usayizi we-aluminium can 30mm odongeni ukushuba, 500mm ububanzi ngaphandle, futhi 1000mm ukuphakama. Isiqukathi sikadoti weNuclear, akukho sici ngaphakathi kokusakazwa. I-Japan yake yacela i-China, eyaziwa ngokuthi amandla okusakaza, ukuthi iyenze ngentengo ephindwe izikhathi ezingu-10 kunentengo yemakethe. Ngemuva kokuthi iqembu leziphathimandla zabalingisi likazwelonke likubuyekeze, isiphetho sathi "angeke sikwenze".
[Konke ukuncibilika nokuthululwa kufanele kube endaweni engenalutho ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi]
I-4) Inkampani enkulu yasekhaya elahlekile yokuphonsa igwebu yachitha imali eningi ekukhiqizeni igwebu elilahlekile lezingxenye zensimbi ezidonsa amanzi. Icele ithimba leziphathimandla zabalingisi kuzwelonke ukuthi ithole isiqondiso, kodwa yehluleka. Manje isishintshele kwisihlabathi sobumba kanye nokukhiqizwa komugqa wengcindezi emile.
5) Amantongomane okubopha alula kakhulu futhi adinga ungalokothi uxege. Esikhathini esidlule, yiJapane kuphela eyayikwazi ukuzikhiqiza emhlabeni. Ezinye zibonakala zilula, kodwa empeleni ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
6) Ngensimbi empunga yensimbi, izindlu zemoto, umbhede, ibhentshi lokusebenzela, izindlu zama-gearbox, izindlu ze-clutch nezinye izingxenye zebhokisi, inqubo yegwebu elahlekile iyinqubo engcono kakhulu.
I-7) Igwebu elilahlekile lishiswa kuqala bese lithululwa, kanye nokubunjwa kwegobolondo elingenalutho, okuletha ukukhanya ekukhiqizeni insimbi engagqwali kanye ne-duplex steel castings enezidingo ezikhethekile zezingxenye zokuphepha, ukuvuza, ukumelana nokucindezela okukhulu, njll.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-08-2024
