Nakuba i-turbine ne-impeller ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa ngokushintshana ezimweni zansuku zonke, ezinhlelweni zobuchwepheshe nezimboni izincazelo zakho kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo kuhluke ngokusobala. I-turbine ivamise ukusho ifeni emotweni noma enjinini yendiza ethuthukisa ukusebenza kwenjini ngokusebenzisa amagesi okukhipha umoya ukuze ifuthe umhwamuko kaphethiloli enjinini. I-impeller yenziwe nge-disc, isembozo samasondo, i-blade nezinye izingxenye. Uketshezi lujikeleza nge-impeller ngesivinini esikhulu ngaphansi kwesenzo se-impeller blades. Igesi ithinteka ngamandla we-centrifugal wokujikeleza nokugeleza kokwandisa ku-impeller, okuvumela ukuba kudlule ku-impeller. Ingcindezi ngemuva kwe-impeller iyanda.
1. Incazelo kanye nezici ze-turbine
I-turbine ingumshini wamandla ojikelezayo oguqula amandla esisetshenziswa esisebenzayo esigelezayo sibe umsebenzi wemishini. Ingenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zezinjini zezindiza, izinjini zegesi nezinjini zesitimu. Ama-turbine blades ngokuvamile enziwa ngensimbi noma ngezinto zobumba futhi asetshenziselwa ukuguqula amandla e-kinetic oketshezi abe amandla emishini. Umklamo kanye nomgomo wokusebenza wama-turbine blades unquma ukusetshenziswa kwawo emikhakheni ehlukene yezimboni, njengendiza, izimoto, ukwakha imikhumbi, imishini yobunjiniyela, njll.
Ama-turbine blades ngokuvamile ahlanganisa izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko: ingxenye yokungena, ingxenye ephakathi nendawo kanye nengxenye yokuphuma. Izindwani zengxenye yokungena zibanzi ukuze ziqondise uketshezi phakathi nendawo ye-turbine, izindwani zengxenye ephakathi zincane kakhulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwe-turbine, futhi izindwani zengxenye yokuphuma zisetshenziselwa ukusunduza uketshezi olusele luphume ku-turbine. I-turbocharger ingawandisa kakhulu amandla kanye ne-torque yenjini. Ngokuvamile, amandla kanye ne-torque yenjini ngemva kokwengeza i-turbocharger izokwenyuka ngo-20% ukuya ku-30%. Kodwa-ke, i-turbocharging nayo inobubi bayo, njenge-turbo lag, ukwanda komsindo, nezinkinga zokukhipha ukushisa.
2. Incazelo nezici ze-impeller
I-Impeller isho idiski yesondo efakwe izindwani ezihambayo, okuyingxenye yerotor ye-impulse steam turbine. Ingase futhi ibhekisele egameni elivamile lediski yesondo nama-blade ajikelezayo afakwe kuyo. Ama-impeller ahlukaniswa ngokuya ngokuma kwawo kanye nezimo zokuvula nokuvala, njengama-impeller avaliwe, ama-semi-open impellers nama-impeller avulekile. Ukuklama nokukhethwa kwempahla ye-impeller kuncike ohlotsheni loketshezi oludingayo ukuze iluphathe kanye nomsebenzi okudingeka iwuqedele.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-impeller ukuguqula amandla omshini we-prime movever ibe amandla okucindezela okumile kanye namandla okucindezela ashukumisayo oketshezi olusebenzayo. Idizayini ye-impeller kufanele ikwazi ukuphatha futhi ithuthe ngempumelelo uketshezi oluqukethe ukungcola kwezinhlayiyana ezinkulu noma imicu emide, futhi kufanele ibe nokusebenza okuhle kokuvimba ukuvala kanye nezici zokusebenza ezisebenzayo. Ukukhethwa kwempahla ye-impeller nakho kubaluleke kakhulu. Izinto ezifanele zidinga ukukhethwa ngokuya ngohlobo lwendawo yokusebenza, njengensimbi ecijile, insimbi engagqwali, ithusi kanye nezinto ezingezona ezensimbi.
3. Ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwe-turbine ne-impeller
Nakuba ama-turbine nama-impeller kokubili kuhilela ukuguqula amandla e-kinetic oketshezi abe amandla okusebenza, anomehluko omkhulu ezimisweni zawo zokusebenza, imiklamo, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza. I-turbine ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengesikhi samandla emotweni noma enjinini yendiza enyusa ukusebenza kahle komhwamuko kaphethiloli ngamagesi okukhipha umoya, ngaleyo ndlela yandise ukusebenza kwenjini. I-impeller iyisikhuthazi esiguqula amandla emishini abe amandla e-kinetic oketshezi ngokuzungezisa, akhuphule umfutho woketshezi, futhi abambe iqhaza emisebenzini ehlukahlukene yezimboni, njengokumpompa uketshezi oluqukethe izinhlayiya eziqinile.
Kuma-turbines, ama-blade ngokuvamile azacile ukuze anikeze indawo enkulu ye-blade futhi akhiqize ukuphuma kwamandla okunamandla. Ku-impeller, izindwani zivame ukushuba ukuze zinikeze ukumelana nokunwetshwa okungcono. Ukwengeza, ama-turbine blades ngokuvamile aklanyelwe ukuzungezisa futhi akhiphe amandla ngokuqondile, kuyilapho ama-impeller blades angamile noma ajikeleze, kuye ngezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza2.
4. Isiphetho
Ukufingqa, kunomehluko osobala encazelweni, izici kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-turbine nama-impeller. Ama-turbines asetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi, kuyilapho ama-impeller asetshenziselwa ukuthutha nokucubungula uketshezi ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni. Idizayini ye-turbine igxile emandleni engeziwe nokusebenza kahle engakunikeza, kuyilapho i-impeller igcizelela ukuthembeka kwayo nekhono lokusingatha uketshezi oluhlukahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-06-2024
